I would disagree that the 30-30 started out as a BP cartridge, since it was designed as the first commercial smokeless cartridge.. One thing that cartridges did have in common that started out as BP and switched to smokeless, is that they started out with much heavier, unjacketed, lead bullets, many paper wrapped.
Unless you have prepared in advance by having appropiate molds for the bullets.. finding or making appropiate bullets for BP loads and making primers or reliable primer material is going to be either harder, bullets, or more dangerious, priming compounds, than making BP ..
There are easier options that are far less dangerious ( when done properly by trained personel using the right equipment) and much better suited for use in smokeless powder cartridges if all you lack is propelant.. ammonpluver would be the easiest.. it does have drawbacks.. very hydroscopic and can crystalize if stored where temps exceed 90 degree F /32.1 degrees C .. and when crystalized it produces much higher chamber pressures .. but making it is a simple physical mix of properly prepared charcoal and ammonium nitrate ... you can do a goggle search and find various recipes giving different proportions .. here is one example ..
http://www.freewebs.com/lpumsun/ammonpulver.html .. it is smokeless and it does have energy levels that compare well with smokeless powders. Likewise, priming compound can be made with the right equipment and materials .. and if you are going to go that far why not just make smokeless powder or cordite
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordite ( article gives recipes for various propelants and types of cordite).
The real issue is production of useable quanities and having a real grasp of the various safety issues. The IRA set out on a suicide bombing spree once, as far as anybody could tell .. they were targeting public transportation buses.. blew up about 8 IIRC before one of the bombers with thier bomb turned themselves in to the Brits because he was of the opinion the IRA was just trying to kill bombers since they all had been given a more traditional target and were just trying to use the buses to get there... turns out it was a cold and dry winter.. and the bombers, just by sliding across the bus seats to sit down were generating enough static electricity to prematurely detonate the bombs.. none of which were supposed to be a suicide bomb.
Lets assume, just for the sake of arguement you made some BP .. exactly how would you go about testing it to see if your first attempt was done properly, and was, in fact useful or suitable to use in a cartridge, and if you did happen to devise a test , how would you know what the results meant.. and how would you know if your second batch was the same as your first.
You can legally , if stored properly, store up to 50 pounds of smokeless powder by Federal regs.. at 140 to 300 rifle loads per pound that is 7000 to 15000 reloads.. having enough brass on hand to load and reload that many rounds , to say nothing of bullets and primers should be problems enough for most folks ..
By the way.. in this isolated case, the vast majority of Government Regulations involved all have a real good basis in safety and reality , far more than most government regs, and you should know, understand the why, and follow them carefully.. not because they are a reg , but because they are a safe practice.